Banking

Banking refers to the activities conducted by financial institutions, primarily banks, that involve accepting deposits, providing loans, and offering various financial services to individuals, businesses, and governments. The core functions of banking include safeguarding deposits, facilitating payments, and extending credit to support economic activities. Banks earn income through the interest on loans and fees for services, while also maintaining liquidity and managing risks. Banking systems can be categorized into retail banking, commercial banking, investment banking, and central banking, each serving distinct purposes and clienteles. The banking sector plays a crucial role in the economy by providing the necessary infrastructure for monetary transactions, credit allocation, and financial stability.